Managing long COVID symptoms and accessing health services in Brazil: A grounded theory analysis.

Background: The worldwide community has shown significant interest in researching the management of Long COVID. However, there is scarce evidence about the daily experiences of people living with Long COVID and their insights into the healthcare services provided to them. Aims: This study aims to understand the experience of Long COVID sufferers with their symptoms and in accessing health services. Method: We employed Charmaz's grounded theory methodology, informed by constructivism, and applied the COREQ guidelines for qualitative research. Sixty-six Brazilians living with Long COVID participated in the study. The data was collected using semi-structured telephone interviews and analyzed using a constant comparative process. Findings: The findings refer firstly to the consequences of persistent Long COVID symptoms. Secondly, they describe how the disease trajectory required Long COVID sufferers to reorganize their routines and develop adaptive strategies. Lastly, they reflect a diverse array of both positive and negative interactions inside the healthcare system conveyed by individuals suffering from Long COVID. These elements converge towards the core category of the study: "The limbo of Long COVID sufferers: between the persistence of symptoms and access to health services". Conclusions: Long COVID is characterized by its varied nature, including a range of physical and emotional repercussions experienced by individuals. There is a need for enhanced comprehension and discourse about Long COVID across several domains, including the general public, policy-making entities, and healthcare professionals. In this sense, the development of specialized services or the reinforcement of existing services to support long COVID sufferers is imperative.

Perceived quality of life and associated factors in long COVID syndrome among older Brazilians: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to: (a) determine the personal, sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural, and social characteristics of older Brazilians with clinical evidence of long COVID; (b) evaluate perceived quality of life and determine its association with personal, sociodemographic, behavioural, clinical and social variables; and (c) assess significant predictors of high perceived QoL. BACKGROUND: Given the inherent vulnerabilities of the ageing process, the older people are an at-risk group for both contagion of SARS-CoV-2 and the perpetuation of residual symptoms after infection, the so-called long COVID or post-COVID syndrome. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey design using the STROBE checklist. METHODS: Brazilian older people with long COVID syndrome (n = 403) completed a phone survey measuring personal, sociodemographic, behavioural, clinical, and social characteristics, and perceived Quality of Life (QoL). Data were collected from June 2021-March 2022. A multiple linear regression model was performed to identify salient variables associated with high perceived QoL. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 67.7 ± 6.6 years old. The results of the multivariate regression model showed that race, home ownership, daily screen time, musculoskeletal and anxiety symptoms, and work situation were the significant predictors of QoL among COVID-19 survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge about the persistence of physical, emotional, and social symptoms of COVID-19 can help nurses and other healthcare providers to improve the management of survivors, bringing benefits to the whole society. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Given the novelty of long-COVID and its heterogeneous trajectory, interventions focusing on the repercussions and requirements unique to more vulnerable older persons should be developed and these aspects should be included in public health recommendations and policymakers' concerns. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution was required to design, to outcome measures or undertake this research. Patients/members of the public contributed only to the data collection.

Encontrar un nuevo equilibrio: Estudio cualitativo sobre los efectos del COVID-19 en la vida familiar / Striking a new balance: A qualitative study of how family life has been affected by COVID-19 / Conquistando um novo equilíbrio: Um estudo qualitativo de como a vida familiar foi afetada pela COVID-19

Objetivo: examinar las repercusiones de la pandemia en el sistema familiar enfocándose en la perspectiva de familiares que han contraído y padecido COVID-19. Método: estudio exploratorio de enfoque cualitativo realizado con 27 personas que tuvieron COVID-19. Los datos se recolectaron por medio de entrevistas telefónicas que se grabaron en audio y estuvieron guiadas por un instrumento semiestructurado. El análisis se basó en un proceso inductivo respaldado por Análisis Temático Reflexivo. Resultados: la pandemia y el hecho de que un familiar contrajera la enfermedad fueron fuerzas impulsoras que generaron movilizaciones nuevas e intensas en el sistema familiar. Inicialmente, notaron repercusiones negativas como preocupaciones, temor, angustia, estrés, distanciamiento y aislamiento social. Con el paso del tiempo y empleando tecnologías para facilitar la comunicación, comenzaron a percibir repercusiones positivas como más cercanía, fortalecimiento de vínculos, desarrollo de nuevos roles y cuidado mutuo. Las familias también identificaron que recuperaban una posición de equilibrio, con retorno de cierto reajuste en la dinámica y el funcionamiento familiar. Conclusión: los profesionales de la salud deben admitir que la enfermedad por COVID-19 ha generado repercusiones en los sistemas familiares, además de proponer intervenciones que ayuden a las familias a hacer frente a este momento y a recuperar más fácilmente una posición de equilibrio para su buen funcionamiento.

Objective: to examine the repercussions of the pandemic on the family system by focusing on the perspective of family members who contracted and experienced COVID-19. Method: an exploratory study with a qualitative approach conducted with 27 individuals who had COVID-19. Data collection took place through telephone interviews that were audio-recorded and guided by a semi-structured instrument. Data analysis was based on an inductive process supported by Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Results: the pandemic and illness of a family member acted as driving forces generating new and intense movements in the family system. Initially, they noticed negative repercussions such as concerns, fear, anguish, stress, distancing and social isolation. As time progressed and by using technologies to ease communication, they began to perceive positive repercussions such as increased proximity, strengthening of ties, development of new roles and care. The families also identified recovery of a balanced position, with return of certain readjustment in family dynamics and functioning. Conclusion: health professionals need to recognize that the COVID-19 disease has imposed repercussions on family systems, proposing interventions that help families face this moment and more easily recover a balanced position for their functioning.

Objetivo: examinar as repercussões da pandemia no sistema familiar a partir da perspectiva dos familiares que contraíram e vivenciaram a COVID-19. Método: estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa realizado com 27 indivíduos que tiveram COVID-19. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas telefônicas gravadas em áudio e guiadas por um instrumento semiestruturado. A análise dos dados baseou-se num processo indutivo apoiado na Análise Temática Reflexiva. Resultados: a pandemia e o adoecimento de um familiar atuaram como motores geradores de novos e intensos movimentos no sistema familiar. Inicialmente, perceberam repercussões negativas como preocupações, medo, angústia, estresse, distanciamento e isolamento social. Com o passar do tempo e com o uso das tecnologias para facilitar a comunicação, os familiares começaram a perceber repercussões positivas como maior proximidade, fortalecimento dos laços, desenvolvimento de novos papéis e cuidado. As famílias também identificaram recuperação de uma posição equilibrada, com retorno de certo reajuste na dinâmica e funcionamento familiar. Conclusão: os profissionais de saúde precisam reconhecer que a doença COVID-19 impôs repercussões nos sistemas familiares, propondo intervenções que ajudem as famílias a enfrentar esse momento e recuperar mais facilmente uma posição equilibrada para seu funcionamento.

Striking a new balance: A qualitative study of how family life has been affected by COVID-19. / Encontrar un nuevo equilibrio: Estudio cualitativo sobre los efectos del COVID-19 en la vida familiar.

OBJECTIVE: to examine the repercussions of the pandemic on the family system by focusing on the perspective of family members who contracted and experienced COVID-19. METHOD: an exploratory study with a qualitative approach conducted with 27 individuals who had COVID-19. Data collection took place through telephone interviews that were audio-recorded and guided by a semi-structured instrument. Data analysis was based on an inductive process supported by Reflexive Thematic Analysis. RESULTS: the pandemic and illness of a family member acted as driving forces generating new and intense movements in the family system. Initially, they noticed negative repercussions such as concerns, fear, anguish, stress, distancing and social isolation. As time progressed and by using technologies to ease communication, they began to perceive positive repercussions such as increased proximity, strengthening of ties, development of new roles and care. The families also identified recovery of a balanced position, with return of certain readjustment in family dynamics and functioning. CONCLUSION: health professionals need to recognize that the COVID-19 disease has imposed repercussions on family systems, proposing interventions that help families face this moment and more easily recover a balanced position for their functioning.

"Feeling Trapped in Prison" Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perceptions and Practices among Healthcare Workers and Prison Staff from a Brazilian Maximum Security Unit.

The COVID-19 pandemic had several repercussions on prison staff, but the currently available evidence has mainly ignored these effects. This qualitative study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the prison system through the narratives of health and security professionals, using the methodological framework of the constructivist grounded theory proposed by Charmaz. The sample included 10 healthcare workers and 10 security professionals. Data collection took place between October and November 2022 through individual in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using the MaxQDA software. Three categories of interrelated data emerged: (1) "Confrontation and disruption" caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the prison system; (2) "Between disinfodemic and solicitude" referring to the tension between information management and the practice of care centered on the needs of inmates; and, finally, (3) "Reorganization and mitigation strategies during the fight against COVID-19". Continuous education and the development of specific skills are essential to enable professionals to face the challenges and complex demands that arise in prison contexts. The daily routines professionals had previously taken for granted were disrupted by COVID-19. Thus, investing in adequate training and emotional support programs is crucial to promote the resilience and well-being of these professionals, ensuring an efficient and quality response to critical events.

Meanings and Experiences of Prisoners and Family Members Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Brazilian Prison Unit: A Grounded Theory Analysis.

Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic represented a health emergency for prisons. This study sought to understand the meanings and experiences through the narratives of prisoners and family members affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of a maximum-security state penitentiary complex in southern Brazil. For this purpose, a qualitative study was developed based on the methodological framework of constructivist grounded theory. Data were collected between February and August 2022 through individual in-depth interviews and field notes. The sample consisted of 41 participants: 28 male prisoners, and 13 family members. Guided by the Charmaz method of grounded theory analysis, the study afforded the core category "Feeling trapped in prison during the COVID-19 pandemic" with three interrelated phases: "Triggering", "Escalating", and "Readjustment". The "Triggering" phase refers to COVID-19-related elements or events that triggered certain reactions, processes, or changes in prison. During the "Escalating" phase, participants became overwhelmed by the suffering caused by incarceration and the pandemic crisis. The "Readjustment" phase involved adapting, reorienting, or reformulating previous approaches or strategies for dealing with a specific situation. Prisons faced complex challenges during the pandemic and were forced to prioritize protecting public health. However, the measures adopted must be carefully evaluated, ensuring their needs and that they are based on scientific evidence. The punitive approach can undermine inmate trust in prison authorities, making it difficult to report symptoms and adhere to preventive measures.

Mobile applications as a strategy to support parents in the care of newborns: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: To map and describe studies available in the literature about mobile applications to support parents in newborn care and data from applications accessible in online stores. METHOD: This is a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The searches were carried out in theses and dissertations databases and portals, in September 2021, and articles, theses, and dissertations were included. An independent search was performed in online stores of applications for operating systems Android and iOS, in October and December 2021, and applications with content to support parents of newborns were selected. RESULTS: A total of 5,238 studies and 757 applications were found, and of these, 16 and 150, respectively, composed the sample. The topics discussed in the studies were: care, breastfeeding, fever, identification of neonatal diseases, child growth and development. In the applications, the themes found were care, breastfeeding, growth, immunization, development, sleep, tips, and guidelines. CONCLUSION: Applications are important support tools for parents, as they are an innovative means and accessible to a large part of the population.

Utilização de aplicativos móveis como estratégia de apoio a familiares no cuidado a recém-nascidos: protocolo scoping review / Use of mobile applications as a strategy to support family members in the care of newborns: a scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: Mapear e descrever os estudos disponíveis na literatura e lojas on-line sobre os aplicativos móveis para apoio a familiares de recém-nascidos. MÉTODO: Trata-se de protocolo de scoping review, elaborado conforme recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs, seguindo os itens do PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. A busca será realizada em duas etapas: 1 - nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Acadêmico, Scielo, como também no Portal BVS e de Teses e Dissertações da América Latina e no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; 2 - em lojas on-line para smartphones com sistemas operacionais Android e iOS, por meio da utilização independente do termo "recém-nascido". O protocolo norteará o desenvolvimento da revisão de escopo para descrição e mapeamento de aplicativos móveis para apoio a familiares de recém-nascidos.

OBJECTIVE: To map and describe the studies available in the literature and online stores on mobile applications to support family members of newborns. METHOD: This is a scoping review protocol, prepared following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the items of the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. The search will be carried out in two stages: 1 - in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Scielo databases, and in the VHL, the Latin American Theses and Dissertations Portal, and the catalog of theses and dissertations of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel; 2 - in the online stores of Android and iOS operating systems, through the independent use of the term "newborn". The protocol will guide the development of the scoping review for the description and mapping of mobile applications to support family members of newborns.

Aged people's health needs in the face of long covid-19 and access to health services / Requerimientos de salud de adultos mayores frente a covid-19 prolongado y acceso a servicios de salud / Necessidades de saúde dos idosos frente à covid longa e o acesso aos serviços de saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the health needs of aged people who had long Covid-19 and details about access to the health system to meet these demands. Method: an exploratory and qualitative study carried out with 41 aged individuals who had Covid-19 in 2020 and presented residual symptoms 18 months after the infection. Data collection took place between February and July 2022 through semi-structured interviews via telephone calls. In the analysis, initial and focused coding analytical techniques were used and the conceptual basis was grounded on the Primary Health Care "Accessibility" attribute. Results: four categories emerged when analyzing the results, namely: Understanding the need for professional care; Recognizing the demands that led aged people to seek health services; Understanding availability of the services; and Analyzing payment capacity. Conclusion: the aged population has developed specific health demands related to long Covid-19, and public and private health services are heterogeneous in their approach to this new condition, as care based on guidelines proposed by official bodies is not unanimous in public and private services and Health Plan Operators.

RESUMEN Objetivo: averiguar las necesidades de salud de los adultos mayores que tuvieron Covid-19 prolongado y detalles del acceso al sistema de salud para suplir estos requerimientos. Método: estudio cualitativo y exploratorio realizado con 41 adultos mayores que tuvieron Covid-19 en 2020 y presentaron síntomas residuales 18 meses después de la infección. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar entre febrero y julio de 2022 por medio de entrevistas telefónicas semiestructuradas; en el análisis se utilizaron las técnicas analíticas de codificación inicial y focalizada y la base conceptual se fundamentó en el atributo "Accesibilidad" de la Atención Primaria de la Salud. Resultados: surgieron cuatro categorías en el análisis de los resultados, a saber: Comprender la necesidad de atención profesional; Reconocer los requerimientos que llevaron a los adultos mayores a procurar un servicio de salud; Percibir la disponibilidad de los servicios; y Analizar la capacidad de pago. Conclusión: la población anciana desarrolló requerimientos de la salud específicos relacionados con Covid-19 prolongado y los servicios de salud públicos y privados presentan cierta heterogeneidad en relación al enfoque de esta nueva condición, puesto que la atención basada en directrices propuestas por órganos oficiales no es unánime en los servicios públicos, privados y de Operadoras de Planes de Salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as necessidades de saúde dos idosos que tiveram a Covid longa e o acesso ao sistema de saúde para atender essas demandas. Método: estudo qualitativo exploratório, realizado com 41 idosos que tiveram Covid-19 no ano de 2020 e apresentaram sintomas residuais após 18 meses da infecção. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre fevereiro e julho de 2022 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas via telefone. Na análise foram utilizadas as técnicas de codificação inicial e focalizada e a base conceitual se fundamentou no atributo "Acessibilidade" da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Resultados: na análise dos resultados emergiram quatro categorias: Compreendendo a necessidade de atendimento profissional; Reconhecendo as demandas que levaram os idosos a buscar o serviço de saúde; Percebendo a disponibilidade dos serviços; e Analisando a capacidade de pagamento. Conclusão: a população idosa desenvolveu demandas específicas de saúde relacionadas à Covid longa, e os serviços de saúde público e privado possuem heterogeneidade quanto à abordagem dessa nova condição, uma vez que o atendimento pautado em diretrizes propostas por órgãos oficiais não é unânime nos serviços públicos, privados e Operadoras de Plano de Saúde.

Mobile applications as a strategy to support parents in the care of newborns: a scoping review / Aplicaciones móviles como estrategia de apoyo a los padres en el cuidado del recién nacido: revisión de alcance* / Aplicativos móveis como estratégia de apoio a pais no cuidado ao recém-nascido: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objective: To map and describe studies available in the literature about mobile applications to support parents in newborn care and data from applications accessible in online stores. Method: This is a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The searches were carried out in theses and dissertations databases and portals, in September 2021, and articles, theses, and dissertations were included. An independent search was performed in online stores of applications for operating systems Android and iOS, in October and December 2021, and applications with content to support parents of newborns were selected. Results: A total of 5,238 studies and 757 applications were found, and of these, 16 and 150, respectively, composed the sample. The topics discussed in the studies were: care, breastfeeding, fever, identification of neonatal diseases, child growth and development. In the applications, the themes found were care, breastfeeding, growth, immunization, development, sleep, tips, and guidelines. Conclusion: Applications are important support tools for parents, as they are an innovative means and accessible to a large part of the population.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Mapear y describir estudios disponibles en la literatura sobre aplicaciones móviles para apoyar a los padres en el cuidado del recién nacido y datos de aplicaciones accesibles en tiendas online. Método: es un revisión de alcance siguiendo las pautas de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviewse. Las búsquedas se realizaron en bases de datos y portales de tesis y disertaciones, en septiembre de 2021, y se incluyeron artículos, tesis y disertaciones. Se realizó una búsqueda independiente en las tiendas online de aplicaciones en sistemas operativos Androide e iOS, en octubre y diciembre de 2021, y aplicaciones seleccionadas con contenido para apoyar a los padres de los recién nacidos. Resultados: Se identificaron 5238 estudios y 757 aplicaciones, y de estos, 16 y 150 conformaron la muestra, respectivamente. Los temas discutidos en los estudios fueron: cuidados, lactancia materna, fiebre, identificación de enfermedades neonatales, crecimiento y desarrollo infantil. En las aplicaciones, los temas encontrados fueron: cuidado, lactancia, crecimiento, inmunización, desarrollo, sueño, consejos y orientaciones. Conclusión: Las aplicaciones son herramientas de apoyo importantes para los padres, ya que son un medio innovador, además de ser accesibles para una gran parte de la población.

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear e descrever estudos disponíveis na literatura acerca dos aplicativos móveis para apoio aos pais no cuidado ao recém-nascido e dados de aplicativos acessíveis em lojas online. Método: trata-se de uma scoping review seguindo as orientações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. As buscas foram realizadas em bases de dados e portais de teses e dissertações, em setembro de 2021, e foram incluídos artigos, teses e dissertações. Realizou-se uma busca independente, nas lojas online de aplicativos nos sistemas operacionais Android e iOS, em outubro e dezembro de 2021, e selecionados aplicativos com conteúdo de apoio aos pais de recém-nascidos. Resultados: Foram identificados 5238 estudos e 757 aplicativos, e desses, compuseram a amostra 16 e 150, respectivamente. Os temas discutidos nos estudos foram: cuidados, amamentação, febre, identificação de doenças neonatais, crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil. Nos aplicativos, os temas encontrados foram: cuidados, amamentação, crescimento, imunização, desenvolvimento, sono, dicas e orientações. Conclusão: Os aplicativos são importantes ferramentas de apoio aos pais, pois são um meio inovador, além de estarem acessíveis a grande parte da população.

Illness Experiences of Brazilian People Who Were Hospitalized Due to COVID-19 and Faced Long COVID Repercussions in Their Daily Life: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study.

Long COVID is a multisystem condition that has multiple consequences for the physical, mental, and social health of COVID-19 survivors. The impact of the long COVID condition remains unclear, particularly among middle-aged and older adults, who are at greater risk than younger people of persisting symptoms associated with COVID-19. Therefore, we aimed to understand the experiences of middle-aged and older people who had been hospitalized for COVID-19 and the repercussions of long-term COVID symptoms in their daily lives. A qualitative study was carried out, adopting the framework of the constructivist grounded theory (CGT) proposed by Kathy Charmaz. Fifty-six middle-aged and older adult participants from the southern region of Brazil were recruited. Data were gathered from semi-structured telephone interviews. Concomitantly a comparative analysis was performed to identify categories and codes using the MaxQDA® software (version 2022). Three subcategories were identified: (1) experiencing COVID-19 in the acute phase; (2) oscillating between 'good days' and 'bad days' in long COVID; and (3) (re)constructing identity. These concepts interact with each other and converge upon the central category of this study: recasting oneself to the uniqueness of the illness experience of long COVID. Our findings provided insights related to the disruption in the lives of long COVID-19 sufferers who still live with persistent symptoms of the disease, including physical, social, family, emotional and spiritual repercussions. Likewise, this study may aid in developing friendly and welcoming social environments, lowering stigma and prejudice towards patients with long COVID, and fostering prompt and suitable policy support and mental health care for these individuals.

Experiência com mídias sociais para ações em saúde com idosos durante a pandemia Covid-19 / Experience with social media to promote health actions in older adults during the Covid-19 pandemic / Experiencia con redes sociales para acciones de salud para los ancianos durante la pandemia de Covid-19

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de uso de mídias sociais para ações em saúde com idosos durante a pandemia Covid-19. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência do projeto de extensão intitulado "Vovôs e vovós conectados: ligados na Internet na qualidade de vida", realizado de abril a dezembro de 2020, mediado por interações síncronas e assíncronas, utilizando ferramentas digitais e discutido à luz da Política do Envelhecimento Ativo e da Década do Envelhecimento Saudável. Resultados: as abordagens virtuais basearam-se em: informações e combate às fake news sobre Covid-19; apoio emocional; promoção de saúde; e uso de tecnologia. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que o uso orientado de mídias sociais pelos idosos contribui de maneira eficaz para a manutenção das relações sociais e promoção da saúde na perspectiva do envelhecimento saudável mesmo durante uma crise sanitária de repercussão mundial.

Objective: to report the experience of using social media to promote health actions in older adults during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: this is an experience report of the extension project entitled "Grandma and grandpa wired: connected to the Internet toward quality of life", carried out from April to December 2020, mediated by synchronous and asynchronous interactions, using digital tools and discussed in light of the Active Aging Policy and the Decade of Healthy Aging. Results: the virtual approaches were based on the information and the fight against fake news about Covid-19; emotional support; health promotion; and the use of technology. Conclusion: it was evidenced that the guided use of social media by older adults contributes effectively to the maintenance of social relationships and health promotion in the perspective of healthy aging, even during a health crisis of global repercussion.

Objetivo: relatar la experiencia del uso de redes sociales para promover acciones de salud de ancianos durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Método: relato de experiencia del proyecto de extensión titulado "Abuela y abuelo cableados: conectados a Internet hacia la calidad de vida", realizado de abril a diciembre de 2020, mediado por interacciones sincrónicas y asincrónicas, utilizando herramientas digitales y discutido a la luz de la Política de Envejecimiento Activo y la Década del Envejecimiento Saludable. Resultados: los abordajes virtuales se basaron en la información y el combate a fake news sobre Covid-19; soporte emocional; promoción de la salud; y uso de tecnología. Conclusión: se evidenció que el uso de las redes sociales por ancianos contribuye de manera efectiva para el mantenimiento de relaciones sociales y promoción de la salud en la perspectiva del envejecimiento saludable incluso durante una crisis de salud de repercusión mundial.

Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular en mujeres / Fatores de risco para desenvolvimento de doença cardiovascular em mulheres / Risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease in women

Objective. To evaluate the factors that predispose to the development of cardiovascular diseases in women who were attended at a Basic Health Unit in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Methods. The research was characterized as observational and quantitative. The population sample consisted of 60 women aged over 18 years, being chosen at random. For data collection, mHealth Data Collector (mHDC), a mobile device, was used with a questionnaire on daily habits, health status, and disease. Measurements were made of glucose and blood cholesterol, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements. Data collection took place in February 2014 to November 2014. Results. Risk factors were overweight / obesity (63.8%) and sedentary lifestyle (65%), followed by family history of cardiovascular disease (43.3%), hypercholesterolemia (38.3%), and hypertension (13.3%). Conclusion. This population of women presented risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in all ages, being necessary the implementation of measures that stimulate changes in the daily habits and improve health conditions among women by the health team.

Objetivo. Evaluar los factores que predisponen el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular en mujeres atendidas en una Unidad Básica de Salud en Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo. La población de la muestra consistió en 60 mujeres mayores de 18 años, seleccionadas aleatoriamente. Para la recolección de información, se utilizó el software móvil mHealth Data Collector (mHDC), que contiene un cuestionario sobre hábitos de vida, estado de salud y la enfermedad. Se realizaron mediciones de glucosa, colesterol, presión arterial y medidas antropométricas. Resultados. Se encontraron factores de riesgo de tener sobrepeso / obesidad y la inactividad física (68.3%), seguido de antecedentes familiares de enfermedad cardiovascular (43.3%), hipercolesterolemia (38.3%) y la hipertensión (13.3%). Conclusión. Esta población de mujeres tenía factores de riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad cardiovascular en todas las edades, lo que requiere la aplicación de medidas para estimular cambios en los hábitos diarios y mejorar las condiciones de salud.

Objetivo. Avaliar os fatores que predispõem ao desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares em mulheres que eram atendidas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde em Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Métodos. A pesquisa foi caracterizada como observacional e quantitativa. A amostra populacional consistiu de 60 mulheres com idade superior a 18 anos, sendo escolhidas aleatoriamente. Para coleta de dados, foi utilizado o software mHealth Data Collector (mHDC), dispositivo móvel, com questionário sobre hábitos diários, estado de saúde e doença. As medições realizadas foram de glicose e colesterol no sangue, pressão arterial e medidas antropométricas. A coleta de dados ocorreu em fevereiro de 2014 a novembro de 2014. Resultados. Foram encontrados fatores de risco como sobrepeso/obesidade e sedentarismo (68.3%), seguidos por história familiar para doença cardiovascular (43.3%), hipercolesterolemia (38.3%) e hipertensão (13.3%). Conclusão. Esta população de mulheres apresentaram fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doença cardiovascular em todas as idades, sendo necessário a implementação de medidas que estimule mudanças nos hábitos diários e melhore as condições de saúde entre as mulheres pela equipe de saúde.

Exposição ocupacional à radiações ionizantes sob a ótica de profissionais de enfermagem em hemodinâmica / Exposición ocupacional a radiaciones ionizantes en la perspectiva de profesionales de enfermería en hemodinámica / Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation from the perspective of nursing professionals in hemodynamics

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as medidas de proteção tomadas e o controle da exposição ocupacional às radiações ionizantes em unidades de serviço de hemodinâmica sob a ótica dos profissionais de enfermagem. Para o estudo descritivo quantitativo, no período de janeiro a fevereiro de 2011, foi aplicado em quatro hospitais da região norte do estado do Paraná um check-list de respostas binárias (sim/não), construído a partir da legislação e literatura atual. Observou-se que os 29 profissionais possuem conhecimento sobre a exposição ocupacional e aplicam métodos de barreira eficazmente para a minimização de doses frente às radiações ionizantes. Salienta-se ainda que os mesmos participam de atualizações permanentes e afirmam que este fato influencia positivamente para a exposição ocupacional ocorrer de forma consciente e ainda, sem recusa da parte dos trabalhadores no que condiz com sua proteção individual.

El objetivo fue identificar las medidas de seguridad adoptadas y control de exposición a las radiaciones ionizantes en unidades de servicio de hemodinámica en la perspectiva de los profesionales de enfermería. Para el estudio descriptivo cuantitativo, de enero a febrero de 2011, se aplicó a cuatro hospitales en la región norte del Estado de Paraná una lista de control de las respuestas binarias (sí/no), construidos a partir de la legislación y la literatura. Se observó de los 29 empleados tenían conocimiento sobre la exposición ocupacional y aplicaban los métodos de barrera eficaz para reducir al mínimo las dosis de radiación ionizante. Estos participaron de actualizaciones en curso sobre el tema, y afirman que este hecho tiene efecto positivo para la exposición ocupacional ocurrir de modo consciente y, sin embargo, sin rechazo por parte de los trabajadores en relación a su protección individual.

In order to identify the security measures taken and the control of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in units of hemodynamic, from the perspective of nursing, this quantitative descriptive study was developed during January and February, 2011. A check-list of binary responses (yes / no) was made based on the legislation and updated literature and it was applied in four hospitals in the northern region of Paraná State. The analysis of the data showed that 29 employees have knowledge about occupational exposure and apply barrier methods effectively to minimize doses of ionizing radiation. The data also showed that employees are participating in ongoing updating on the subject, and that they claim that this participation has a positive effect so that the occupational exposure occurs consciously, and also, the workers did not refuse to participate in any action facing their individual protection.